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272 lines
16 KiB
ReStructuredText
272 lines
16 KiB
ReStructuredText
:github_url: hide
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.. _class_Crypto:
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Crypto
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======
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**繼承：** :ref:`RefCounted<class_RefCounted>` **<** :ref:`Object<class_Object>`
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提供對高階加密功能的存取。
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.. rst-class:: classref-introduction-group
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說明
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----
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The Crypto class provides access to advanced cryptographic functionalities.
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Currently, this includes asymmetric key encryption/decryption, signing/verification, and generating cryptographically secure random bytes, RSA keys, HMAC digests, and self-signed :ref:`X509Certificate<class_X509Certificate>`\ s.
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.. tabs::
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.. code-tab:: gdscript
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var crypto = Crypto.new()
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# Generate new RSA key.
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var key = crypto.generate_rsa(4096)
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# Generate new self-signed certificate with the given key.
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var cert = crypto.generate_self_signed_certificate(key, "CN=mydomain.com,O=My Game Company,C=IT")
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# Save key and certificate in the user folder.
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key.save("user://generated.key")
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cert.save("user://generated.crt")
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# Encryption
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var data = "Some data"
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var encrypted = crypto.encrypt(key, data.to_utf8_buffer())
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# Decryption
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var decrypted = crypto.decrypt(key, encrypted)
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# Signing
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var signature = crypto.sign(HashingContext.HASH_SHA256, data.sha256_buffer(), key)
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# Verifying
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var verified = crypto.verify(HashingContext.HASH_SHA256, data.sha256_buffer(), signature, key)
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# Checks
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assert(verified)
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assert(data.to_utf8_buffer() == decrypted)
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.. code-tab:: csharp
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using Godot;
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using System.Diagnostics;
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Crypto crypto = new Crypto();
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// Generate new RSA key.
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CryptoKey key = crypto.GenerateRsa(4096);
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// Generate new self-signed certificate with the given key.
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X509Certificate cert = crypto.GenerateSelfSignedCertificate(key, "CN=mydomain.com,O=My Game Company,C=IT");
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// Save key and certificate in the user folder.
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key.Save("user://generated.key");
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cert.Save("user://generated.crt");
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// Encryption
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string data = "Some data";
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byte[] encrypted = crypto.Encrypt(key, data.ToUtf8Buffer());
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// Decryption
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byte[] decrypted = crypto.Decrypt(key, encrypted);
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// Signing
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byte[] signature = crypto.Sign(HashingContext.HashType.Sha256, Data.Sha256Buffer(), key);
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// Verifying
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bool verified = crypto.Verify(HashingContext.HashType.Sha256, Data.Sha256Buffer(), signature, key);
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// Checks
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Debug.Assert(verified);
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Debug.Assert(data.ToUtf8Buffer() == decrypted);
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.. rst-class:: classref-reftable-group
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方法
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----
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.. table::
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:widths: auto
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+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| :ref:`bool<class_bool>` | :ref:`constant_time_compare<class_Crypto_method_constant_time_compare>`\ (\ trusted\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`, received\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`\ ) |
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+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` | :ref:`decrypt<class_Crypto_method_decrypt>`\ (\ key\: :ref:`CryptoKey<class_CryptoKey>`, ciphertext\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`\ ) |
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+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` | :ref:`encrypt<class_Crypto_method_encrypt>`\ (\ key\: :ref:`CryptoKey<class_CryptoKey>`, plaintext\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`\ ) |
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+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` | :ref:`generate_random_bytes<class_Crypto_method_generate_random_bytes>`\ (\ size\: :ref:`int<class_int>`\ ) |
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+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| :ref:`CryptoKey<class_CryptoKey>` | :ref:`generate_rsa<class_Crypto_method_generate_rsa>`\ (\ size\: :ref:`int<class_int>`\ ) |
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+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| :ref:`X509Certificate<class_X509Certificate>` | :ref:`generate_self_signed_certificate<class_Crypto_method_generate_self_signed_certificate>`\ (\ key\: :ref:`CryptoKey<class_CryptoKey>`, issuer_name\: :ref:`String<class_String>` = "CN=myserver,O=myorganisation,C=IT", not_before\: :ref:`String<class_String>` = "20140101000000", not_after\: :ref:`String<class_String>` = "20340101000000"\ ) |
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+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` | :ref:`hmac_digest<class_Crypto_method_hmac_digest>`\ (\ hash_type\: :ref:`HashType<enum_HashingContext_HashType>`, key\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`, msg\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`\ ) |
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+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` | :ref:`sign<class_Crypto_method_sign>`\ (\ hash_type\: :ref:`HashType<enum_HashingContext_HashType>`, hash\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`, key\: :ref:`CryptoKey<class_CryptoKey>`\ ) |
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+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| :ref:`bool<class_bool>` | :ref:`verify<class_Crypto_method_verify>`\ (\ hash_type\: :ref:`HashType<enum_HashingContext_HashType>`, hash\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`, signature\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`, key\: :ref:`CryptoKey<class_CryptoKey>`\ ) |
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+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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.. rst-class:: classref-section-separator
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----
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.. rst-class:: classref-descriptions-group
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方法說明
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--------
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.. _class_Crypto_method_constant_time_compare:
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.. rst-class:: classref-method
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:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **constant_time_compare**\ (\ trusted\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`, received\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Crypto_method_constant_time_compare>`
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比較兩個 :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` 是否相等，不會洩漏時序資訊，能夠防止時序攻擊。
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詳情見\ `這篇博文 <https://paragonie.com/blog/2015/11/preventing-timing-attacks-on-string-comparison-with-double-hmac-strategy>`__\ 。
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.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
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----
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.. _class_Crypto_method_decrypt:
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.. rst-class:: classref-method
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:ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` **decrypt**\ (\ key\: :ref:`CryptoKey<class_CryptoKey>`, ciphertext\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Crypto_method_decrypt>`
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用提供的私密金鑰 ``key`` 解密給定的密文 ``ciphertext``\ 。
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\ **注意：**\ 所接受的密文的最大尺寸受到金鑰大小的限制。
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.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
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----
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.. _class_Crypto_method_encrypt:
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.. rst-class:: classref-method
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:ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` **encrypt**\ (\ key\: :ref:`CryptoKey<class_CryptoKey>`, plaintext\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Crypto_method_encrypt>`
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用提供的公開金鑰 ``key`` 加密給定的明文 ``plaintext``\ 。
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\ **注意：**\ 所接受的明文的最大尺寸受到金鑰大小的限制。
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.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
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----
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.. _class_Crypto_method_generate_random_bytes:
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.. rst-class:: classref-method
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:ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` **generate_random_bytes**\ (\ size\: :ref:`int<class_int>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Crypto_method_generate_random_bytes>`
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生成具有給定大小 ``size`` 的加密安全隨機位元組的 :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`\ 。
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.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
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----
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.. _class_Crypto_method_generate_rsa:
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.. rst-class:: classref-method
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:ref:`CryptoKey<class_CryptoKey>` **generate_rsa**\ (\ size\: :ref:`int<class_int>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Crypto_method_generate_rsa>`
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生成可用於建立自簽章憑證並傳遞給 :ref:`StreamPeerTLS.accept_stream()<class_StreamPeerTLS_method_accept_stream>` 的 RSA :ref:`CryptoKey<class_CryptoKey>`\ 。
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.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
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----
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.. _class_Crypto_method_generate_self_signed_certificate:
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.. rst-class:: classref-method
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:ref:`X509Certificate<class_X509Certificate>` **generate_self_signed_certificate**\ (\ key\: :ref:`CryptoKey<class_CryptoKey>`, issuer_name\: :ref:`String<class_String>` = "CN=myserver,O=myorganisation,C=IT", not_before\: :ref:`String<class_String>` = "20140101000000", not_after\: :ref:`String<class_String>` = "20340101000000"\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Crypto_method_generate_self_signed_certificate>`
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Generates a self-signed :ref:`X509Certificate<class_X509Certificate>` from the given :ref:`CryptoKey<class_CryptoKey>` and ``issuer_name``. The certificate validity will be defined by ``not_before`` and ``not_after`` (first valid date and last valid date). The ``issuer_name`` must contain at least "CN=" (common name, i.e. the domain name), "O=" (organization, i.e. your company name), "C=" (country, i.e. 2 lettered ISO-3166 code of the country the organization is based in).
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A small example to generate an RSA key and an X509 self-signed certificate.
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.. tabs::
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.. code-tab:: gdscript
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var crypto = Crypto.new()
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# Generate 4096 bits RSA key.
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var key = crypto.generate_rsa(4096)
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# Generate self-signed certificate using the given key.
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var cert = crypto.generate_self_signed_certificate(key, "CN=example.com,O=A Game Company,C=IT")
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.. code-tab:: csharp
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var crypto = new Crypto();
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// Generate 4096 bits RSA key.
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CryptoKey key = crypto.GenerateRsa(4096);
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// Generate self-signed certificate using the given key.
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X509Certificate cert = crypto.GenerateSelfSignedCertificate(key, "CN=mydomain.com,O=My Game Company,C=IT");
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.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
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----
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.. _class_Crypto_method_hmac_digest:
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.. rst-class:: classref-method
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:ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` **hmac_digest**\ (\ hash_type\: :ref:`HashType<enum_HashingContext_HashType>`, key\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`, msg\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Crypto_method_hmac_digest>`
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使用金鑰 ``key`` 生成 ``msg`` 的 `HMAC <https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAC>`__ 摘要。\ ``hash_type`` 參數是用於內部和外部雜湊的雜湊算法。
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目前僅支援 :ref:`HashingContext.HASH_SHA256<class_HashingContext_constant_HASH_SHA256>` 和 :ref:`HashingContext.HASH_SHA1<class_HashingContext_constant_HASH_SHA1>`\ 。
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.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
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----
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.. _class_Crypto_method_sign:
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.. rst-class:: classref-method
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:ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>` **sign**\ (\ hash_type\: :ref:`HashType<enum_HashingContext_HashType>`, hash\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`, key\: :ref:`CryptoKey<class_CryptoKey>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Crypto_method_sign>`
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使用提供的私密金鑰 ``key`` 對型別為 ``hash_type`` 的給定 ``hash`` 進行簽章。
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.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
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----
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.. _class_Crypto_method_verify:
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.. rst-class:: classref-method
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:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **verify**\ (\ hash_type\: :ref:`HashType<enum_HashingContext_HashType>`, hash\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`, signature\: :ref:`PackedByteArray<class_PackedByteArray>`, key\: :ref:`CryptoKey<class_CryptoKey>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Crypto_method_verify>`
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使用提供的公開金鑰 ``key`` 驗證型別為 ``hash_type`` 的給定簽章 ``signature``\ 。
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.. |virtual| replace:: :abbr:`virtual (本方法通常需要使用者覆寫才能生效。)`
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.. |required| replace:: :abbr:`required (This method is required to be overridden when extending its base class.)`
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.. |const| replace:: :abbr:`const (本方法沒有副作用。不會修改該實例的任何成員變數。)`
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.. |vararg| replace:: :abbr:`vararg (本方法除了這裡描述的參數外，還可以接受任意數量的參數。)`
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.. |constructor| replace:: :abbr:`constructor (本方法用於建構一個型別。)`
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.. |static| replace:: :abbr:`static (本方法無需實例即可呼叫，因此可以直接使用類別名稱呼叫。)`
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.. |operator| replace:: :abbr:`operator (本方法描述將本型別作為左運算元時可用的有效運算子。)`
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.. |bitfield| replace:: :abbr:`BitField (此值是由下列旗標組成的位元遮罩整數。)`
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.. |void| replace:: :abbr:`void (無回傳值。)`
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