godotengine/godot-docs-l10n
1
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/godotengine/godot-docs-l10n.git synced 2026-01-04 10:09:56 +03:00
Code Issues Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity
Files
4.x
godot-docs-l10n/classes/zh_Hans/class_transform3d.rst

660 lines
38 KiB
ReStructuredText
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

:github_url: hide
.. _class_Transform3D:
Transform3D
===========
代表 3D 变换的 3×4 矩阵。
.. rst-class:: classref-introduction-group
描述
----
**Transform3D** 即 3D 变换，是一种内置的 :ref:`Variant<class_Variant>` 类型，这种 3×4 矩阵代表的是 3D 空间中的变换。变换中包含了一个 :ref:`Basis<class_Basis>`\ ，表示的是旋转、缩放、倾斜。另外变换自身还提供了 :ref:`origin<class_Transform3D_property_origin>`\ ，这样就能够表示平移。
通用的介绍见教程\ :doc:`《矩阵和变换》 <../tutorials/math/matrices_and_transforms>`\ 。
\ **注意：**\ Godot 使用\ `右手坐标系 <https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/%E5%8F%B3%E6%89%8B%E5%AE%9A%E5%89%87>`__\ ，这是一种普遍标准。方向方面，\ :ref:`Camera3D<class_Camera3D>` 等内置类型的约定是 -Z 指向前方（+X 为右、+Y 为上、+Z 为后）。其他对象可能使用不同的方向约定。更多信息见教程\ `《3D 资产方向约定》 <../tutorials/assets_pipeline/importing_3d_scenes/model_export_considerations.html#d-asset-direction-conventions>`__\ 。
.. note::
通过 C# 使用该 API 时会有显著不同，详见 :ref:`doc_c_sharp_differences`\ 。
.. rst-class:: classref-introduction-group
教程
----
- :doc:`数学文档索引 <../tutorials/math/index>`
- :doc:`矩阵与变换 <../tutorials/math/matrices_and_transforms>`
- :doc:`使用 3D 变换 <../tutorials/3d/using_transforms>`
- `矩阵变换演示 <https://godotengine.org/asset-library/asset/2787>`__
- `3D 平台跳跃演示 <https://godotengine.org/asset-library/asset/2748>`__
- `2.5D 游戏演示 <https://godotengine.org/asset-library/asset/2783>`__
.. rst-class:: classref-reftable-group
属性
----
.. table::
:widths: auto
+-------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Basis<class_Basis>` | :ref:`basis<class_Transform3D_property_basis>` | ``Basis(1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1)`` |
+-------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>` | :ref:`origin<class_Transform3D_property_origin>` | ``Vector3(0, 0, 0)`` |
+-------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
.. rst-class:: classref-reftable-group
构造函数
--------
.. table::
:widths: auto
+---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D_constructor_Transform3D>`\ (\ ) |
+---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D_constructor_Transform3D>`\ (\ from\: :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>`\ ) |
+---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D_constructor_Transform3D>`\ (\ basis\: :ref:`Basis<class_Basis>`, origin\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`\ ) |
+---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D_constructor_Transform3D>`\ (\ from\: :ref:`Projection<class_Projection>`\ ) |
+---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D_constructor_Transform3D>`\ (\ x_axis\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`, y_axis\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`, z_axis\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`, origin\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`\ ) |
+---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
.. rst-class:: classref-reftable-group
方法
----
.. table::
:widths: auto
+---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`affine_inverse<class_Transform3D_method_affine_inverse>`\ (\ ) |const| |
+---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`interpolate_with<class_Transform3D_method_interpolate_with>`\ (\ xform\: :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>`, weight\: :ref:`float<class_float>`\ ) |const| |
+---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`inverse<class_Transform3D_method_inverse>`\ (\ ) |const| |
+---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`bool<class_bool>` | :ref:`is_equal_approx<class_Transform3D_method_is_equal_approx>`\ (\ xform\: :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>`\ ) |const| |
+---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`bool<class_bool>` | :ref:`is_finite<class_Transform3D_method_is_finite>`\ (\ ) |const| |
+---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`looking_at<class_Transform3D_method_looking_at>`\ (\ target\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`, up\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>` = Vector3(0, 1, 0), use_model_front\: :ref:`bool<class_bool>` = false\ ) |const| |
+---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`orthonormalized<class_Transform3D_method_orthonormalized>`\ (\ ) |const| |
+---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`rotated<class_Transform3D_method_rotated>`\ (\ axis\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`, angle\: :ref:`float<class_float>`\ ) |const| |
+---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`rotated_local<class_Transform3D_method_rotated_local>`\ (\ axis\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`, angle\: :ref:`float<class_float>`\ ) |const| |
+---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`scaled<class_Transform3D_method_scaled>`\ (\ scale\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`\ ) |const| |
+---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`scaled_local<class_Transform3D_method_scaled_local>`\ (\ scale\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`\ ) |const| |
+---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`translated<class_Transform3D_method_translated>`\ (\ offset\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`\ ) |const| |
+---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`translated_local<class_Transform3D_method_translated_local>`\ (\ offset\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`\ ) |const| |
+---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
.. rst-class:: classref-reftable-group
运算符
------
.. table::
:widths: auto
+-----------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`bool<class_bool>` | :ref:`operator !=<class_Transform3D_operator_neq_Transform3D>`\ (\ right\: :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>`\ ) |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`AABB<class_AABB>` | :ref:`operator *<class_Transform3D_operator_mul_AABB>`\ (\ right\: :ref:`AABB<class_AABB>`\ ) |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`PackedVector3Array<class_PackedVector3Array>` | :ref:`operator *<class_Transform3D_operator_mul_PackedVector3Array>`\ (\ right\: :ref:`PackedVector3Array<class_PackedVector3Array>`\ ) |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Plane<class_Plane>` | :ref:`operator *<class_Transform3D_operator_mul_Plane>`\ (\ right\: :ref:`Plane<class_Plane>`\ ) |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`operator *<class_Transform3D_operator_mul_Transform3D>`\ (\ right\: :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>`\ ) |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>` | :ref:`operator *<class_Transform3D_operator_mul_Vector3>`\ (\ right\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`\ ) |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`operator *<class_Transform3D_operator_mul_float>`\ (\ right\: :ref:`float<class_float>`\ ) |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`operator *<class_Transform3D_operator_mul_int>`\ (\ right\: :ref:`int<class_int>`\ ) |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`operator /<class_Transform3D_operator_div_float>`\ (\ right\: :ref:`float<class_float>`\ ) |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` | :ref:`operator /<class_Transform3D_operator_div_int>`\ (\ right\: :ref:`int<class_int>`\ ) |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| :ref:`bool<class_bool>` | :ref:`operator ==<class_Transform3D_operator_eq_Transform3D>`\ (\ right\: :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>`\ ) |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
.. rst-class:: classref-section-separator
----
.. rst-class:: classref-descriptions-group
常量
----
.. _class_Transform3D_constant_IDENTITY:
.. rst-class:: classref-constant
**IDENTITY** = ``Transform3D(1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0)`` :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_constant_IDENTITY>`
单位 **Transform3D**\ 。这是一个没有平移和旋转的变换，缩放为 :ref:`Vector3.ONE<class_Vector3_constant_ONE>`\ 。\ :ref:`basis<class_Transform3D_property_basis>` 等于 :ref:`Basis.IDENTITY<class_Basis_constant_IDENTITY>`\ 。这意味着：
- :ref:`Basis.x<class_Basis_property_x>` 指向右侧（\ :ref:`Vector3.RIGHT<class_Vector3_constant_RIGHT>`\ ）；
- :ref:`Basis.y<class_Basis_property_y>` 指向上方（\ :ref:`Vector3.UP<class_Vector3_constant_UP>`\ ）；
- :ref:`Basis.z<class_Basis_property_z>` 指向后方（\ :ref:`Vector3.BACK<class_Vector3_constant_BACK>`\ ）。
::
var transform = Transform3D.IDENTITY
var basis = transform.basis
print("| X | Y | Z | 原点")
print("| %.f | %.f | %.f | %.f" % [basis.x.x, basis.y.x, basis.z.x, transform.origin.x])
print("| %.f | %.f | %.f | %.f" % [basis.x.y, basis.y.y, basis.z.y, transform.origin.y])
print("| %.f | %.f | %.f | %.f" % [basis.x.z, basis.y.z, basis.z.z, transform.origin.z])
# 输出：
# | X | Y | Z | 原点
# | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0
# | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0
# | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0
如果使用该常量变换（相乘）\ :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`\ 、\ :ref:`AABB<class_AABB>`\ 、\ :ref:`Plane<class_Plane>`\ 、\ :ref:`PackedVector3Array<class_PackedVector3Array>` 或其他 **Transform3D**\ ，则不会发生变换。
\ **注意：**\ 在 GDScript 中，该常量与不带任何参数创建 :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D_constructor_Transform3D>` 相同。使用该常量可以让你的代码更清晰，并与 C# 保持一致。
.. _class_Transform3D_constant_FLIP_X:
.. rst-class:: classref-constant
**FLIP_X** = ``Transform3D(-1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0)`` :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_constant_FLIP_X>`
应用了垂直于 YZ 平面镜像操作的 **Transform3D**\ 。其 :ref:`basis<class_Transform3D_property_basis>` 相当于 :ref:`Basis.FLIP_X<class_Basis_constant_FLIP_X>`\ 。
.. _class_Transform3D_constant_FLIP_Y:
.. rst-class:: classref-constant
**FLIP_Y** = ``Transform3D(1, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0)`` :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_constant_FLIP_Y>`
应用了垂直于 XZ 平面镜像操作的 **Transform3D**\ 。其 :ref:`basis<class_Transform3D_property_basis>` 相当于 :ref:`Basis.FLIP_Y<class_Basis_constant_FLIP_Y>`\ 。
.. _class_Transform3D_constant_FLIP_Z:
.. rst-class:: classref-constant
**FLIP_Z** = ``Transform3D(1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0)`` :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_constant_FLIP_Z>`
应用了垂直于 XY 平面镜像操作的 **Transform3D**\ 。其 :ref:`basis<class_Transform3D_property_basis>` 相当于 :ref:`Basis.FLIP_Z<class_Basis_constant_FLIP_Z>`\ 。
.. rst-class:: classref-section-separator
----
.. rst-class:: classref-descriptions-group
属性说明
--------
.. _class_Transform3D_property_basis:
.. rst-class:: classref-property
:ref:`Basis<class_Basis>` **basis** = ``Basis(1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1)`` :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_property_basis>`
该变换的 :ref:`Basis<class_Basis>`\ 。它由 3 个轴（\ :ref:`Basis.x<class_Basis_property_x>`\ 、\ :ref:`Basis.y<class_Basis_property_y>` 和 :ref:`Basis.z<class_Basis_property_z>`\ ）组成。它们共同代表变换的旋转、缩放和倾斜。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_property_origin:
.. rst-class:: classref-property
:ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>` **origin** = ``Vector3(0, 0, 0)`` :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_property_origin>`
该变换的平移偏移量。在 3D 空间中，这可以被看作是位置。
.. rst-class:: classref-section-separator
----
.. rst-class:: classref-descriptions-group
构造函数说明
------------
.. _class_Transform3D_constructor_Transform3D:
.. rst-class:: classref-constructor
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **Transform3D**\ (\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_constructor_Transform3D>`
构造与 :ref:`IDENTITY<class_Transform3D_constant_IDENTITY>` 相同的 **Transform3D**\ 。
\ **注意：**\ 在 C# 中构造的 **Transform3D** 的 :ref:`origin<class_Transform3D_property_origin>` 和 :ref:`basis<class_Transform3D_property_basis>` 的所有分量都为 :ref:`Vector3.ZERO<class_Vector3_constant_ZERO>`\ 。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. rst-class:: classref-constructor
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **Transform3D**\ (\ from\: :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>`\ )
构造给定 **Transform3D** 的副本 **Transform3D**\ 。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. rst-class:: classref-constructor
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **Transform3D**\ (\ basis\: :ref:`Basis<class_Basis>`, origin\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`\ )
根据 :ref:`Basis<class_Basis>` 和 :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>` 构造 **Transform3D**\ 。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. rst-class:: classref-constructor
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **Transform3D**\ (\ from\: :ref:`Projection<class_Projection>`\ )
根据 :ref:`Projection<class_Projection>` 构造 **Transform3D**\ 。因为 **Transform3D** 是 3×4 的矩阵，而 :ref:`Projection<class_Projection>` 是 4×4 的矩阵，所以这个操作会削去投影矩阵的最后一行（新的变换中不包含 ``from.x.w``\ 、\ ``from.y.w``\ 、\ ``from.z.w``\ 、\ ``from.w.w``\ ）。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. rst-class:: classref-constructor
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **Transform3D**\ (\ x_axis\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`, y_axis\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`, z_axis\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`, origin\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`\ )
根据四个 :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>` 值（也叫矩阵列）构造 **Transform3D**\ 。
前三个参数是 :ref:`basis<class_Transform3D_property_basis>` 的三个轴（\ :ref:`Basis.x<class_Basis_property_x>`\ 、\ :ref:`Basis.y<class_Basis_property_y>`\ 、\ :ref:`Basis.z<class_Basis_property_z>`\ ）。
.. rst-class:: classref-section-separator
----
.. rst-class:: classref-descriptions-group
方法说明
--------
.. _class_Transform3D_method_affine_inverse:
.. rst-class:: classref-method
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **affine_inverse**\ (\ ) |const| :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_method_affine_inverse>`
返回该变换的逆版本。与 :ref:`inverse()<class_Transform3D_method_inverse>` 不同，则该方法几乎适用于任何 :ref:`basis<class_Transform3D_property_basis>`\ ，包括非均匀的，但速度较慢。另见 :ref:`Basis.inverse()<class_Basis_method_inverse>`\ 。
\ **注意：**\ 为了使该方法正确返回，该变换的 :ref:`basis<class_Transform3D_property_basis>` 需要具有一个不完全是 ``0.0`` 的行列式（见 :ref:`Basis.determinant()<class_Basis_method_determinant>`\ ）。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_method_interpolate_with:
.. rst-class:: classref-method
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **interpolate_with**\ (\ xform\: :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>`, weight\: :ref:`float<class_float>`\ ) |const| :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_method_interpolate_with>`
返回将该变换和 ``xform`` 按照给定的权重 ``weight`` 进行线性插值结果。
\ ``weight`` 应该在 ``0.0`` 到 ``1.0``\ （闭区间）的范围内。允许使用超出这个范围的值，表示进行\ *外插*\ 。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_method_inverse:
.. rst-class:: classref-method
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **inverse**\ (\ ) |const| :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_method_inverse>`
返回\ `该变换的逆版本 <https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E9%9D%9E%E5%A5%87%E5%BC%82%E6%96%B9%E9%98%B5>`__\ 。另见 :ref:`Basis.inverse()<class_Basis_method_inverse>`\ 。
\ **注意：**\ 为了使该方法正确返回，该变换的基需要是\ *正交归一化的*\ （见 :ref:`orthonormalized()<class_Transform3D_method_orthonormalized>`\ ）。这意味着该基应该只代表旋转。如果不是，请改用 :ref:`affine_inverse()<class_Transform3D_method_affine_inverse>`\ 。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_method_is_equal_approx:
.. rst-class:: classref-method
:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **is_equal_approx**\ (\ xform\: :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>`\ ) |const| :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_method_is_equal_approx>`
如果通过在每个分量上运行 :ref:`@GlobalScope.is_equal_approx()<class_@GlobalScope_method_is_equal_approx>`\ ，该变换和 ``xform`` 近似相等，则返回 ``true``\ 。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_method_is_finite:
.. rst-class:: classref-method
:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **is_finite**\ (\ ) |const| :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_method_is_finite>`
如果该变换是有限的，则返回 ``true``\ ，判断方法是在每个分量上调用 :ref:`@GlobalScope.is_finite()<class_@GlobalScope_method_is_finite>`\ 。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_method_looking_at:
.. rst-class:: classref-method
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **looking_at**\ (\ target\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`, up\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>` = Vector3(0, 1, 0), use_model_front\: :ref:`bool<class_bool>` = false\ ) |const| :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_method_looking_at>`
返回该变换的旋转副本，以便向前轴（-Z）指向 ``target`` 的位置。
向上的轴（+Y）在保持与向前的轴垂直的前提下，尽可能接近 ``up`` 向量。最终的变换是标准正交变换。变换中原有的旋转、缩放、偏斜信息会被丢弃。\ ``target`` 和 ``up`` 向量不能为零，不能互相平行，使用全局/父级空间。
如果 ``use_model_front`` 为 ``true``\ ，则会将 +Z 轴（资产正面）作为向前的轴（此时 +X 为左），指向 ``target`` 的位置。默认情况下会将 -Z 轴（相机前方）作为向前的轴（此时 +X 为右）。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_method_orthonormalized:
.. rst-class:: classref-method
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **orthonormalized**\ (\ ) |const| :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_method_orthonormalized>`
返回该变换的副本，其 :ref:`basis<class_Transform3D_property_basis>` 已正交归一化。正交归一化的基既是\ *正交的*\ （轴彼此垂直）又是\ *归一化的*\ （轴长度为 ``1.0``\ ），这也意味着它只能代表旋转。另见 :ref:`Basis.orthonormalized()<class_Basis_method_orthonormalized>`\ 。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_method_rotated:
.. rst-class:: classref-method
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **rotated**\ (\ axis\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`, angle\: :ref:`float<class_float>`\ ) |const| :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_method_rotated>`
返回该变换围绕给定 ``axis`` 旋转给定 ``angle``\ （单位为弧度）的副本。
\ ``axis`` 必须为归一化的向量（见 :ref:`Vector3.normalized()<class_Vector3_method_normalized>`\ ）。如果 ``angle`` 为正数，则基会围绕轴进行逆时针旋转。
这个方法的结果和让 ``X`` 变换与相应的旋转变换 ``R`` 从左侧相乘一致，即 ``R * X``\ ，但进行了优化。
可以视作在全局/父级坐标系中的变换。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_method_rotated_local:
.. rst-class:: classref-method
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **rotated_local**\ (\ axis\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`, angle\: :ref:`float<class_float>`\ ) |const| :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_method_rotated_local>`
返回该变换围绕给定 ``axis`` 旋转给定 ``angle``\ （单位为弧度）的副本。
\ ``axis`` 必须为归一化的向量，使用变换的局部坐标系。例如，要围绕局部 X 轴旋转请使用 :ref:`Vector3.RIGHT<class_Vector3_constant_RIGHT>`\ 。
这个方法的结果和让 ``X`` 变换与相应的旋转变换 ``R`` 从右侧相乘一致，即 ``R * X``\ ，但进行了优化。
可以视作在局部坐标系中的变换。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_method_scaled:
.. rst-class:: classref-method
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **scaled**\ (\ scale\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`\ ) |const| :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_method_scaled>`
返回该变换按给定的 ``scale`` 系数缩放的副本。
这个方法的结果和让 ``X`` 变换与相应的缩放变换 ``S`` 从左侧相乘一致，即 ``S * X``\ ，但进行了优化。
可以视作在全局/父级坐标系中的变换。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_method_scaled_local:
.. rst-class:: classref-method
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **scaled_local**\ (\ scale\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`\ ) |const| :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_method_scaled_local>`
返回该变换按给定的 ``scale`` 系数缩放的副本。
这个方法的结果和让 ``X`` 变换与相应的缩放变换 ``S`` 从右侧相乘一致，即 ``X * S``\ ，但进行了优化。
可以视作在局部坐标系中的变换。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_method_translated:
.. rst-class:: classref-method
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **translated**\ (\ offset\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`\ ) |const| :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_method_translated>`
返回该变换平移了给定 ``offset`` 的副本。
这个方法的结果和让 ``X`` 变换与相应的平移变换 ``T`` 从左侧相乘一致，即 ``T * X``\ ，但进行了优化。
可以视作在全局/父级坐标系中的变换。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_method_translated_local:
.. rst-class:: classref-method
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **translated_local**\ (\ offset\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`\ ) |const| :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_method_translated_local>`
返回该变化平移了给定 ``offset`` 的副本。
这个方法的结果和让 ``X`` 变换与相应的平移变换 ``T`` 从右侧相乘一致，即 ``X * T``\ ，但进行了优化。
可以视作在局部坐标系中的变换。
.. rst-class:: classref-section-separator
----
.. rst-class:: classref-descriptions-group
运算符说明
----------
.. _class_Transform3D_operator_neq_Transform3D:
.. rst-class:: classref-operator
:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **operator !=**\ (\ right\: :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_operator_neq_Transform3D>`
如果两个变换的分量不相等，则返回 ``true``\ 。
\ **注意：**\ 由于浮点精度误差，请考虑改用 :ref:`is_equal_approx()<class_Transform3D_method_is_equal_approx>`\ ，这样更可靠。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_operator_mul_AABB:
.. rst-class:: classref-operator
:ref:`AABB<class_AABB>` **operator ***\ (\ right\: :ref:`AABB<class_AABB>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_operator_mul_AABB>`
使用该变换矩阵对 :ref:`AABB<class_AABB>` 进行变换（相乘）。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_operator_mul_PackedVector3Array:
.. rst-class:: classref-operator
:ref:`PackedVector3Array<class_PackedVector3Array>` **operator ***\ (\ right\: :ref:`PackedVector3Array<class_PackedVector3Array>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_operator_mul_PackedVector3Array>`
由该变换矩阵变换（乘以）给定 :ref:`PackedVector3Array<class_PackedVector3Array>` 的每个 :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>` 元素。
在较大的数组上，该操作比单独变换每个 :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>` 要快得多。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_operator_mul_Plane:
.. rst-class:: classref-operator
:ref:`Plane<class_Plane>` **operator ***\ (\ right\: :ref:`Plane<class_Plane>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_operator_mul_Plane>`
使用该变换矩阵对 :ref:`Plane<class_Plane>` 进行变换（相乘）。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_operator_mul_Transform3D:
.. rst-class:: classref-operator
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **operator ***\ (\ right\: :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_operator_mul_Transform3D>`
由 ``right`` 变换来变换（乘以）该变换。
这是父级和子级 :ref:`Node3D<class_Node3D>` 之间执行的操作。
\ **注意：**\ 如果你只需要修改该变换的一个属性，请考虑改用以下方法之一：
- 对于平移，请参阅 :ref:`translated()<class_Transform3D_method_translated>` 或 :ref:`translated_local()<class_Transform3D_method_translated_local>`\ 。
- 对于旋转，请参阅 :ref:`rotated()<class_Transform3D_method_rotated>` 或 :ref:`rotated_local()<class_Transform3D_method_rotated_local>`\ 。
- 对于缩放，请参阅 :ref:`scaled()<class_Transform3D_method_scaled>` 或 :ref:`scaled_local()<class_Transform3D_method_scaled_local>`\ 。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_operator_mul_Vector3:
.. rst-class:: classref-operator
:ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>` **operator ***\ (\ right\: :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_operator_mul_Vector3>`
使用该变换矩阵对 :ref:`Vector3<class_Vector3>` 进行变换（相乘）。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_operator_mul_float:
.. rst-class:: classref-operator
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **operator ***\ (\ right\: :ref:`float<class_float>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_operator_mul_float>`
将 **Transform3D** 包括 :ref:`origin<class_Transform3D_property_origin>` 在内的所有分量乘以给定的 :ref:`float<class_float>`\ 。会均匀地影响该变换的缩放，对 :ref:`basis<class_Transform3D_property_basis>` 进行缩放。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_operator_mul_int:
.. rst-class:: classref-operator
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **operator ***\ (\ right\: :ref:`int<class_int>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_operator_mul_int>`
将 **Transform3D** 包括 :ref:`origin<class_Transform3D_property_origin>` 在内的所有分量乘以给定的 :ref:`int<class_int>`\ 。会均匀地影响该变换的缩放，对 :ref:`basis<class_Transform3D_property_basis>` 进行缩放。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_operator_div_float:
.. rst-class:: classref-operator
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **operator /**\ (\ right\: :ref:`float<class_float>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_operator_div_float>`
将 **Transform3D** 包括 :ref:`origin<class_Transform3D_property_origin>` 在内的所有分量除以给定的 :ref:`float<class_float>`\ 。会均匀地影响该变换的缩放，对 :ref:`basis<class_Transform3D_property_basis>` 进行缩放。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_operator_div_int:
.. rst-class:: classref-operator
:ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>` **operator /**\ (\ right\: :ref:`int<class_int>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_operator_div_int>`
将 **Transform3D** 包括 :ref:`origin<class_Transform3D_property_origin>` 在内的所有分量除以给定的 :ref:`int<class_int>`\ 。会均匀地影响该变换的缩放，对 :ref:`basis<class_Transform3D_property_basis>` 进行缩放。
.. rst-class:: classref-item-separator
----
.. _class_Transform3D_operator_eq_Transform3D:
.. rst-class:: classref-operator
:ref:`bool<class_bool>` **operator ==**\ (\ right\: :ref:`Transform3D<class_Transform3D>`\ ) :ref:`🔗<class_Transform3D_operator_eq_Transform3D>`
如果两个变换的分量完全相等，则返回 ``true``\ 。
\ **注意：**\ 由于浮点精度误差，请考虑改用 :ref:`is_equal_approx()<class_Transform3D_method_is_equal_approx>`\ ，这样更可靠。
.. |virtual| replace:: :abbr:`virtual (本方法通常需要用户覆盖才能生效。)`
.. |required| replace:: :abbr:`required (This method is required to be overridden when extending its base class.)`
.. |const| replace:: :abbr:`const (本方法无副作用，不会修改该实例的任何成员变量。)`
.. |vararg| replace:: :abbr:`vararg (本方法除了能接受在此处描述的参数外，还能够继续接受任意数量的参数。)`
.. |constructor| replace:: :abbr:`constructor (本方法用于构造某个类型。)`
.. |static| replace:: :abbr:`static (调用本方法无需实例，可直接使用类名进行调用。)`
.. |operator| replace:: :abbr:`operator (本方法描述的是使用本类型作为左操作数的有效运算符。)`
.. |bitfield| replace:: :abbr:`BitField (这个值是由下列位标志构成位掩码的整数。)`
.. |void| replace:: :abbr:`void (无返回值。)`
Reference in New Issue View Git Blame Copy Permalink